Meet This Week’s Breed
Breed name: Chihuahua
Category: Toy
Origin: Mexico
Life expectancy: 12 – 20 Years
Average size & weight: Very small, 1.5 – 3Kg
Breed overview
The Chihuahua is one of the worlds smallest dog breeds but what they lack in size they certainly make up for in personality. Originating in Mexico Chihuahuas are named after the Mexican state of Chihuahua and are believed to have descended from ancient companion dogs of the region.
Chihuahuas are lively, alert and confidents little dogs that form strong bonds with their owners. They can be surprisingly energetic and enjoy exploring, playing and learning new things despite their tiny size. Today they are popular companion dogs thanks to their affectionate nature, intelligence and distinctive personalities.
Personality & temperament
Chihuahuas are affectionate, loyal and highly devoted dogs that often form a particularly strong bond with one or two people. They are alert and can be vocal which can make them excellent watchdogs.
Their confident personalities can sometimes make them appear fearless even around much larger dogs. They can be wary of unfamiliar people and may become protective of their owners if they are not properly socialised.
Chihuahuas are intelligent and enjoy attention, play and mental stimulation. They generally do well with other dogs when introduced carefully although their small size means interactions with larger dogs and young children should always be supervised.
Is this breed right for you?
Chihuahuas can be well suited to individuals, couples and families with older, respectful children. Their small size means they can adapt well to flats and smaller homes although they still need regular exercise, play and opportunities to explore.
Around 30 – 60 minutes of exercise each day is generally suitable for an adult Chihuahua combined with play and mental enrichment. They should not be treated as purely lap dogs as regular activity helps keep them fit and healthy.
Because of their tiny size care should be taken around stairs, furniture and larger dogs. Chihuahuas can also be sensitive to cold weather so they may need additional protection during colder walks.
Grooming & care
Coat type – Smooth or long coat depending on variety
Shedding – Low to moderate shedding
Grooming frequency – Weekly brushing, long coated Chihuahuas may benefit from more frequent brushing
Bathing – Every 6–8 weeks or when necessary
Nail, ear, and dental care – Regular nail trimming, ear checks and frequent tooth brushing are particularly important as small breeds can be prone to dental problems
Health considerations
Patellar luxation
Dental disease
Heart conditions
Tracheal collapse
Eye problems
Hydrocephalus
Hypoglycaemia, particularly in very young or tiny puppies
These health conditions can occur within the breed. If considering a purebred Chihuahua, ask the breeder about any health screening carried out on the parents and ensure puppies have been responsibly bred. Regular vet checks and good dental care are especially important throughout their lives.
Training tips
Chihuahuas are intelligent and can learn quickly but their independent personalities mean that patience and consistency are important. Positive reinforcement using treats, praise and play usually produces the best results.
Early socialisation is particularly important to help prevent fearfulness or excessive barking. Introduce puppies gradually to different people, dogs, environments and everyday sounds while keeping experiences positive.
Despite their small size Chihuahuas benefit from learning basic obedience and good household manners. Puzzle toys, scent games and short training sessions are excellent ways to keep their minds active.
Fun facts
Fact 1 – The Chihuahua is recognised as the world’s smallest breed.
Fact 2 –Chihuahuas can have either smooth or long coats with both varieties recognised within the breed.
Fact 3 – The breed takes its name from Chihuahua which is the largest state in Mexico.
(Breed Gallery)
2–4 photos showing:
Adult dog
Puppy
Smooth coated and long coated Chihuahua
Enjoying a walk, play or training activity
Frequently asked questions
Are they good family dogs?
Yes. Chihuahuas can make affectionate and devoted family companions particularly with older children who understand how to handle a very small dog gently.
How much exercise do they need?
Around 30 – 60 minutes of exercise a day for most adults along with play and mental enrichment throughout the day.
Do they shed?
Yes. Both coat varieties shed although the amount can vary. Weekly brushing helps remove loose hair and keep the coat in good condition.
Are they easy to train?
They are intelligent and capable of learning quickly but can also be independent. Short, positive and consistent training sessions work best.
What health issues should owners be aware of?
Patellar luxation, dental issues, heart conditions, tracheal collapse, eye problems and hydrocephalus can occur within the breed. Very young puppies can also be susceptible to hypoglycaemia.
The Chihuahua may be tiny but this lively, affectionate and confident breed has a huge personality. With appropriate exercise, positive training, good socialisation and careful health and dental care Chihuahuas can make devoted companions and wonderful lifelong family pets.
Do you own a Chihuahua? We would love to hear your experiences and see your photos.
For information about the breed standard and health advice visit the Royal Kennel Club here.
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